An example of sexual repression of the Victorian Age in the novel could be Mina, who is more feminine while having masculine roles during the story. The way of expressing feminism by Bram Stoker is quite evident and when focusing on it all the other appeals of the novel are subliminal. This novel became so popular even if it can seem quite boring, but why? Dracula results so attractive due to the masked and symbolic sexuality shines from it. But it also has to be considered that it’s a peculiar novel so much that Stoker’s biographer didn’t want to make an analysis of Dracula and of the whole book for their deep psychological themes. Firstly let’s take a look at an article written by the author Bentley where the sexual symbolism of Dracula is accurately analysed. The first thing that stands out is a possible incest between Dracula and his three vampire sisters; after that the topic of the adulterous relationships stands out, depicted by the scene where many men were offering their blood to Lucy and secondly there’s the topic of the repulsion of menstruation, due to the fact that when a woman at that time could have children began a short sexual life because English people had to respect a maximum number of sons and after having children they couldn’t have sex anymore due to the laws written to contrast the spread of sexual illnesses; this fact is represented in Dracula when the Count forced Mina to drink his blood. Anyway, this article points out the sexual things in a stronger way than the novel itself. Though, the article does not treat the suggestion of group sex as the gang-bangs and the orgies, that in Dracula, come to mind when the three woman vampires approach Jonathan Harker. In terms of sexuality it must be said that it’s brutal and violent but also that it’s the main desire of people living during Victorian Age who had to respect many restrictions regarding sexuality. In Stoker’s novel the tiredness of the English citizens for their sexual condition catches the eye.
The Victorians needed to feel all the emotions related to sexuality with no restrictions. This urge of limitless feelings can be identified in the novel when Harker is swooning while the female vampires were getting closer to him, suggesting the male desire to assume passivity at the hands of an aggressive woman; it’s a fanciful situation that does not respect the reality because at that time good women had to stay at home and used to be submitted to their husbands’ bestiality in order to reproduce.
The Victorian men tried to feel that emotional passivity in the houses of prostitution as Harker experienced with the three female vampires. In the Victorian Age only fallen women as prostitutes could enjoy sex and the novel is used by the author to say that it’s not true and he does it again withe the three woman vampires, who are lovely, attractive and elegant but above all desirous of sex without being fallen as the society of the time described the women who could enjoy the sexual acts.
Vampires depicted the aggressive and passionate way of having sex and it can be seen when Lucy had a transformation in a vampire when her purity turned to a sensual wildness. During that period some specialists claimed that the only feelings that a woman could have were concerned to their home, their children and their domestic duties. Stoker’s female vampire dismissed this emotions regarding motherhood, especially when they were eating children; in contrast male vampires did not touch kids. This rejection of children depicted by the fact that the woman vampires dined on them is due to the fact that vampires saw men as sexual objects and children couldn’t be used.
There are many fantasies caused by the forced relationships between mothers and sons as the incests, that along with the violation of good women are part of many male sexual fantasies, and this is common also nowadays, and the ones who imagine this fantasies are considered deviant. So the male vampires are divided into two figures: the passive ones and the violators. According to the novel must be said that no one changes in front of Dracula but, simply, everyone allows his inner side to get out, as the good women in front of him become pure of eroticism.
The novel was written by Stoker during a wave of feminism in which his mother took part. His whole life included reputable women who probably served to create Mina’s character, a strong and intelligent woman with a large knowledge about sexuality. Taking everything into consideration, the bipartite structure of sex roles of men and especially of women during the Victorian Age influences the plot, the characters and the themes of Stoker’s novel, that also nowadays remains an important source of horror and repulsion.
Stefano Macchia, 4 A Scientifico



